Yes, you can enable the internet connection sharing in Windows PC and by sharing the Wired connection to to the wifi card, then set your iPhone to the connect to the adhoc wifi that you created in windows.
I used this all the times using Mac OS and Windows XP. The Mac OS internet sharing is much easier.
You can refer to this article which demonstrated on how to share a HSDPA broadband connection to wifi in Windows XP
http://www.iphone.org.hk/cgi-bin/ch/...2600&h=1#12720
The procedure is similar if you sharing a LAN connection and in Vista (may be, but I did not try)
P.S.
May be Home Premium Vista have no internet connection sharing option, you have to check this out. Vista Business has this ICS option.