As an afterthought, here is how you can let Cydia install a program from a .deb file if your phone is without OpenSSH, without a working terminal application, and without Internet access. Too late, but I stumbled onto it and who knows when it may be useful.
So you can't use any terminal on the phone or over SSH to issue commands (if you can, just use post #8 above). And you can't change ownership or permission of files, since you have no SSH. But you can always put files on the phone, simply by connecting it to the USB port and starting one of the countless interface programs: iPhoneBrowser, DiskAid, iFunBox, ...
1. Download the .deb archive(s) you want to install (for instance from
Modmyi or
BigBoss).
2. Create a folder on your computer named
Cydia and, inside that, one named
AutoInstall (mind the capital I). Put the .deb file(s) in AutoInstall.
3. With the tool of your choice, navigate to /var/root/Media/ on your iPhone and put the Cydia folder there (with all its contents). Or if /var/root/Media/Cydia/AutoInstall/ already exists, just drop the .deb files in there.
4. Turn your phone off and on again.